XHTML vs HTML

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Due to the fact that XHTML is an XML application, certain practices that were perfectly legal in SGML-based HTML 4 must be changed. You already have seen XHTML syntax in previous chapter, so differences between XHTML and HTML are very obvious:

XHTML documents must be well-formed:

Well-formedness is a new concept introduced by XML. Essentially this means that all elements must have closing tags and that all the elements must nest properly.
CORRECT: nested elements.

<p>Here is an emphasized <em>paragraph</em>.</p>

INCORRECT: overlapping elements.
<p>Here is an emphasized <em>paragraph.</p></em>  more...